What is the effect of high sodium intake on the health of elderly individuals?

High sodium intake can significantly impact the health of elderly individuals, primarily through its association with hypertension, or high blood pressure. As people age, their vasculature often becomes more rigid and less able to accommodate increased blood volume, which can lead to higher blood pressure levels when sodium intake is elevated. Sodium plays a key role in fluid balance in the body; when too much sodium is consumed, the body retains more water to balance the sodium concentration in the bloodstream. This excess fluid can increase blood volume, putting extra strain on the heart and blood vessels.

Hypertension is a major risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack and stroke, which are particularly concerning for the elderly population. Managing sodium intake is often recommended as a part of dietary interventions aimed at preventing or controlling high blood pressure, thereby improving overall cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of related complications in this age group.